Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis / Nephrogenic Fibrosing Dermotherapy (NSF/NFD)
Nephrogenic Systemic Fibrosis / Nephrogenic Fibrosing Dermotherapy (NSF/NFD)
NSF/NFD is seen in kidney disease patients who have undergone MRI or MRA with a gadolinium contrast agent. It is characterized by the following:
- Most patients with NSF have advanced to end-stage kidney disease. Some patients with NSF have moderate renal dysfunction.
- NSF leads to excessive formation of connective tissue in the skin and internal organs.
- In NSF, the skin becomes thickened, coarse and hard and can become disabling.
- NSF is a progressive disorder.
- NSF may be fatal.
Symptoms may include:
- Swelling, hardening and tightening of the skin in extremities or torso
- Red or dark patches on the skin. Papules, plaques or lesions between ankles and thighs and wrist and arms.
- Blistering and swelling of the hands and feet.
- Burning or itching sensations
- Spots on the whites of the eyes which are yellow
- Joint stiffness
- Movement problems affecting the arms, hands, legs or feet
- Difficulty walking
- Pain in hip bone or ribs
- Muscle weakness